Cuidados de enfermagem no pós-operatório imediato de pacientes submetidos ao transplante renal

Abstract

Kidney transplantation is one of the most effective therapies for patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease, providing better quality of life and longer survival compared to dialysis. The immediate postoperative period represents a critical phase that requires intensive care and continuous nursing intervention. This study aimed to describe the essential nursing care in the immediate postoperative period of kidney transplant recipients, emphasizing the application of the Nursing Process (NP) as a scientific method for safe and humanized care. It is an integrative literature review covering studies from 2019 to 2024, conducted in the SciELO, PubMed, LILACS, and Virtual Health Library databases. Eleven articles were analyzed and organized into thematic categories. The findings showed that nurses play a central role in hemodynamic monitoring, infection control, immunosuppressive management, and health education. It is concluded that the NP is an indispensable tool for clinical practice, guiding critical thinking and organizing care to ensure safety, continuity, and humanization.