O impacto da sobrecarga e do estresse emocional no bem-estar mental do enfermeiro

Abstract

Introduction: This is a literature review addressing the mental well-being of nurses impacted by the overload and emotional stress common to this professional's work environment. Objective: This Final Course Project aimed to analyze the relationship between work overload, emotional stress, and Burnout Syndrome among nursing professionals, identifying the main triggering factors, consequences, and coping strategies. Methodology: This is an integrative literature review, conducted in the SciELO, LILACS, BDENF, and BVS databases, using the descriptors Nurse, Emotional Stress, Burnout Syndrome, Overload, and Mental Well-being. The time frame covered the period from 2020 to 2025, including full articles in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. Initially, 21 studies were found, of which 10 met the inclusion criteria and comprised the final sample. Results: The results showed that job overload, lack of recognition, human resource deficit, and long working hours are directly associated with the development of burnout. Conversely, healthy work environments, leisure activities, support among colleagues, and spirituality proved to be protective factors that promote emotional well-being and reduce stress. It was also observed that professional recognition and institutional policies for psychological support are crucial for the mental health and satisfaction of nurses. Conclusion: It is concluded that addressing Burnout Syndrome requires integrated interventions, involving institutional, educational, and emotional support actions that promote healthy working conditions, humanized care, and professional sustainability in nursing.