Efeito de diferentes detritos foliares no comportamento alimentar de larvas de Triplectides sp. (Trichoptera, Leptoceridae ) e na disponibilidade de recursos em um riacho de Mata Atlântica

Kiffer Junior, Walace Pandolpho

Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://repositorio.uvv.br//handle/123456789/379

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DC Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor	Moretti, Marcelo da Silva	-
dc.contributor.author	Kiffer Junior, Walace Pandolpho	-
dc.date.accessioned	2020-10-26T13:07:12Z	-
dc.date.available	2020-10-26T13:07:12Z	-
dc.date.issued	2015-06-26	-
dc.identifier.uri	https://repositorio.uvv.br//handle/123456789/379	-
dc.description.abstract	Esta tese tem como objetivo avaliar o efeito da qualidade de cinco detritos foliares comuns nos riachos de Mata Atlântica no comportamento alimentar de uma população de larvas de Triplectides sp. e na composição e estrutura trófica das assembleias de invertebrados associados a esses detritos. Cinco hipóteses direcionaram os experimentos conduzidos: 1) As dimensões corporais e as dimensões dos abrigos são bons preditores da biomassa das larvas de Triplectides sp; 2) As larvas maiores e mais pesadas processam maiores quantidades de detritos foliares; 3) As larvas de Triplectides sp. preferem os detritos com melhor qualidade física e química; 4) Os componentes físicos dos detritos são mais importantes que os componentes químicos, sendo que as larvas consomem mais os detritos com menores durezas e teores de lignina e celulose e 5) Os detritos de melhor qualidade apresentam assembleias de invertebrados associados com maior abundância e biomassa de invertebrados fragmentadores. Esta tese é composta por três capítulos, resultados de experimentos laboratoriais e de campo realizados com organismos fragmentadores e os demais invertebrados associados aos detritos foliares em decomposição coletados em riachos de Mata Atlântica no sudeste do Brasil. No Capítulo 1 foi descrita as relações entre as variáveis corporais das larvas de Triplectides sp. mais apropriadas para estimar a biomassa das mesmas e se as taxas de consumo são influenciadas pelo peso e comprimento das larvas. O comprimento do corpo apresentou os melhores ajustes com a biomassa das larvas, no modelo Power, seguido do comprimento da tíbia no modelo Exponencial. Nenhuma das variáveis dos abrigos apresentou bons coeficientes de determinação, não devendo ser utilizadas para estimar a biomassa desta população. Larvas mais pesadas apresentaram uma correlação fraca, porém positiva com as taxas de consumo, sugerindo que larvas mais pesadas processam maiores quantidades de detritos foliares. Desta forma, concluiu-se que o comprimento da tíbia foi a variável mais adequada de ser utilizada, pois as larvas projetam as pernas para fora dos abrigos, facilitando a medição e evitando os estresses causados pela manipulação das larvas, e deve ser utilizada em experimentos que avaliem as taxas de consumo e produção além das taxas de crescimento da população estudada. No Capítulo 2 foi avaliada a preferência alimentar e as taxas de consumo, produção, crescimento e sobrevivência das larvas de Triplectides sp., em experimentos laboratoriais, quando expostas a detritos foliares de diferentes qualidades. Os detritos de H. dusenii foram preferidos em todas as combinações seguido por M. chartacea e E. globulus. As maiores taxas de consumo foram observadas nos dois detritos mais macios (H. dusenii = 2,34 ± 0,11 mg.mg-1.dia-1 e M. lineata = 2,12 ± 0,16 mg.mg-1.dia-1). As larvas demonstraram crescimento apenas ao se alimentarem dos detritos de H. dusenii e M. chartacea (0,59 ± 0,08 mg.semana-1 em ambos os detritos). Quando expostas aos detritos de E. globulus as larvas demonstraram uma tendência de crescimento negativo, perdendo peso durante após 35 dias (0,03 ± 0,02 mg.semana-1) e exibindo a menor taxa de sobrevivência (35%). Concluiu-se que a qualidade dos detritos influenciou o comportamento alimentar das larvas, sendo que os componentes estruturais, principalmente a dureza, apresentaram maior influência do que os componentes químicos. No Capítulo 3 foi avaliado o efeito da qualidade dos detritos foliares sobre as taxas de decomposição e na composição e estrutura trófica das assembleias de invertebrados associados a cinco detritos foliares, sendo quatro nativos e um exótico, durante o processo de decomposição dos detritos. Os detritos mais macios decompuseram de forma mais acelerada (H. dusenii: k = -0,032 dia-1; M. chartacea: k = -0,017 dia-1; E. globulus: k = -0,009 dia-1) com maior participação de invertebrados fragmentadores (entre 24 e 98% da biomassa), enquanto os detritos duros (>250g) decompuseram lentamente (S. pohlii: k = -0,003 dia-1; M. lineata: k = -0,002 dia-1) com baixa participação de fragmentadores (< 16%). Concluiu-se que tanto as taxas de decomposição quando a estrutura trófica das assembleias foram afetadas pelos componentes estruturais dos detritos, principalmente pela dureza, mas não pelos componentes químicos, ao dificultar a colonização dos detritos por fragmentadores. No entanto, a composição das assembleias de invertebrados associados não foi influenciada. Os resultados aqui apresentados reforçam a influencia da qualidade dos detritos foliares no comportamento de invertebrados fragmentadores. Além disso, os componentes estruturais dos detritos, principalmente a dureza, influenciaram a estrutura trófica das assembleias associadas aos detritos em decomposição de forma mais acentuada do que os componentes químicos. This thesis aims to evaluate the effect of quality of five common leaf species in the Atlantic Forest streams on feeding behavior of a population of Triplectides sp. larvae and composition and trophic structure of invertebrate assemblages associated with such litter. Five hypotheses directed the experiments conducted: 1) Body and case dimensions are good predictors of the biomass of Triplectides sp. larvae; 2) Larger and heavier larvae process greater amounts of leaf litter; 3) Triplectides sp. larvae prefer litter with better physical and chemical quality; 4) Physical components are more important than the chemical, and the larvae consume more litter with lower toughness, lignin and cellulose and 5) Litter with better quality present invertebrate assemblages associated with higher abundance and biomass of shredders invertebrates. This thesis consists of three chapters, results of laboratory and field experiments conducted with shredder and other invertebrates associated with leaf litter breakdown collected in Atlantic Forest streams in southeastern Brazil. In Chapter 1 has been described the relationship between the body variables of Triplectides sp. larvae more suitable to estimate the larvae biomass and if there is difference in the consumption rates dependent on the weight and length of the larvae. The body length presented the best fit with the biomass, on Power model, followed by the tibia length in the Exponential model. None of the variables of cases exhibited good coefficients of determination and should not be used to estimate the biomass of the studied population. Heavier larvae showed a weak, but positive correlation with consumption rates, and suggest that heavier larvae process larger quantities of leaf litter. Thus, it is concluded that the length of the tibia was easier to use, because the larvae design legs out of the cases, thus facilitating the measurement and avoids stress caused by manipulation of the larvae and should be used in experiments to assess rates of consumption and production in addition to growth rates of the study population. In Chapter 2 were evaluated food preference and consumption rates, production, growth and survival of Triplectides sp. larvae in laboratory experiments, when exposed to leaf litter with different qualities. H. dusenii was preferred in all combinations followed by M. chartacea and E. globulus. Higher consumption rates were observed in both softer litter (H. dusenii = 2.34 ± 0.11 mg.mg-1.dia-1 and M. lineata = 2.12 ± 0.16 mg.mg-1. day 1). The larvae showed growth only with H. dusenii and M. chartacea (0.59 ± 0.08 mg.week-1 in both litter). When exposed to E. globulus larvae showed a negative growth trend, losing weight during 35 days (0.03 ± 0.02 mg.week-1) and exhibited lower survival rate (35%). It was concluded that litter quality affected the feeding behavior of the larvae, and that structural components, especially leaf toughness, has greater influence than the chemical components. In Chapter 3, the effects of litter quality on breakdown rates and composition and trophic structure of invertebrate assemblages associated to five leaf litter, four native and one exotic, during the process of litter breakdown. The softer debris decomposed more rapidly (H. dusenii k = -0.032 day-1; M. chartacea k = -0.017 day-1, E. globulus k = -0.009 day-1) with a higher participation of shredders (between 24 and 98% of the biomass), while the tough litter (> 250g) decomposed slowly (S. pohlii k = -0.003 day-1; M. lineata k = -0.002 day-1) with a low participation of shredders (<16 %). It was concluded that both breakdown rates and the trophic structure of associated invertebrates was affected by litter structural components, especially leaf toughness, but not chemical components, that impede colonization by shredders. However, taxonomic composition of associated invertebrates was not influenced. These results emphasize the influence of the leaf quality on feeding behavior of shredders invertebrate larvae. Moreover, the structural components of the detritus, particularly leaf toughness, influence the trophic structure of assemblages associated with decomposing detritus, more intensively than the chemical components.	pt_BR
dc.description.sponsorship	Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Espírito Santo (FAPES)	pt_BR
dc.language.iso	pt_BR	pt_BR
dc.subject	Decomposição	pt_BR
dc.subject	Consumo	pt_BR
dc.subject	Fragmentador	pt_BR
dc.subject	Invertebrados Aquáticos	pt_BR
dc.subject.vocabulary	CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS	pt_BR
dc.subject.vocabulary	CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA	pt_BR
dc.title	Efeito de diferentes detritos foliares no comportamento alimentar de larvas de Triplectides sp. (Trichoptera, Leptoceridae ) e na disponibilidade de recursos em um riacho de Mata Atlântica	pt_BR
dc.type	Thesis	pt_BR
dc.publisher.country	brasil	pt_BR
dc.description.resumo	This thesis aims to evaluate the effect of quality of five common leaf species in the Atlantic Forest streams on feeding behavior of a population of Triplectides sp. larvae and composition and trophic structure of invertebrate assemblages associated with such litter. Five hypotheses directed the experiments conducted: 1) Body and case dimensions are good predictors of the biomass of Triplectides sp. larvae; 2) Larger and heavier larvae process greater amounts of leaf litter; 3) Triplectides sp. larvae prefer litter with better physical and chemical quality; 4) Physical components are more important than the chemical, and the larvae consume more litter with lower toughness, lignin and cellulose and 5) Litter with better quality present invertebrate assemblages associated with higher abundance and biomass of shredders invertebrates. This thesis consists of three chapters, results of laboratory and field experiments conducted with shredder and other invertebrates associated with leaf litter breakdown collected in Atlantic Forest streams in southeastern Brazil. In Chapter 1 has been described the relationship between the body variables of Triplectides sp. larvae more suitable to estimate the larvae biomass and if there is difference in the consumption rates dependent on the weight and length of the larvae. The body length presented the best fit with the biomass, on Power model, followed by the tibia length in the Exponential model. None of the variables of cases exhibited good coefficients of determination and should not be used to estimate the biomass of the studied population. Heavier larvae showed a weak, but positive correlation with consumption rates, and suggest that heavier larvae process larger quantities of leaf litter. Thus, it is concluded that the length of the tibia was easier to use, because the larvae design legs out of the cases, thus facilitating the measurement and avoids stress caused by manipulation of the larvae and should be used in experiments to assess rates of consumption and production in addition to growth rates of the study population. In Chapter 2 were evaluated food preference and consumption rates, production, growth and survival of Triplectides sp. larvae in laboratory experiments, when exposed to leaf litter with different qualities. H. dusenii was preferred in all combinations followed by M. chartacea and E. globulus. Higher consumption rates were observed in both softer litter (H. dusenii = 2.34 ± 0.11 mg.mg-1.dia-1 and M. lineata = 2.12 ± 0.16 mg.mg-1. day 1). The larvae showed growth only with H. dusenii and M. chartacea (0.59 ± 0.08 mg.week-1 in both litter). When exposed to E. globulus larvae showed a negative growth trend, losing weight during 35 days (0.03 ± 0.02 mg.week-1) and exhibited lower survival rate (35%). It was concluded that litter quality affected the feeding behavior of the larvae, and that structural components, especially leaf toughness, has greater influence than the chemical components. In Chapter 3, the effects of litter quality on breakdown rates and composition and trophic structure of invertebrate assemblages associated to five leaf litter, four native and one exotic, during the process of litter breakdown. The softer debris decomposed more rapidly (H. dusenii k = -0.032 day-1; M. chartacea k = -0.017 day-1, E. globulus k = -0.009 day-1) with a higher participation of shredders (between 24 and 98% of the biomass), while the tough litter (> 250g) decomposed slowly (S. pohlii k = -0.003 day-1; M. lineata k = -0.002 day-1) with a low participation of shredders (<16 %). It was concluded that both breakdown rates and the trophic structure of associated invertebrates was affected by litter structural components, especially leaf toughness, but not chemical components, that impede colonization by shredders. However, taxonomic composition of associated invertebrates was not influenced. These results emphasize the influence of the leaf quality on feeding behavior of shredders invertebrate larvae. Moreover, the structural components of the detritus, particularly leaf toughness, influence the trophic structure of assemblages associated with decomposing detritus, more intensively than the chemical components.	pt_BR
Appears in Collections:	Ecologia de Ecossistemas (Teses)

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