Melasma: clareamento e controle

Abstract

Melasma is a chronic dermatological disorder characterized by the appearance of dark patches, typically located in areas of skin exposed to solar radiation, and predominantly affecting women of reproductive age. This study aimed to analyze the main lightening agents and therapeutic strategies applied to the treatment of melasma from the perspective of the aesthetic biomedical professional. The research was qualitative and descriptive in nature, conducted through a bibliographic review of scientific databases covering the years 2009 to 2024. The pathophysiology of melasma involves genetic, hormonal, environmental, and inflammatory factors, exacerbated by sun exposure and intestinal dysbiosis. Management of this condition requires a multidimensional approach, combining depigmenting and antioxidant agents alongside aesthetic procedures. The gut–skin axis, psychosocial impacts, and collagen modulation also emerged as relevant aspects in the clinical management of melasma. Therefore, the role of the aesthetic biomedical professional is essential for tailoring scientifically supported treatment protocols to the individual needs of each patient, with the goal of achieving safe, effective, and long-lasting results.