"Pão, pau e doce": relato etnográfico sobre a primeira unidade prisional de referência para o atendimento da população LGBTQIA+ do Brasil

Abstract

This dissertation aimed to investigate whether the creation of a reference prison unit for the LGBTQIA+ population had the capacity to contain the violence to which these bodies are repeatedly targets within prisons. For that, the methodology used was ethnography, with the purpose of making a descriptive analysis of the operation of the unit, of the relationships established there, of the problems identified both by civil servants and convicts. In this sense, participant observation and semi-structured interviews of subjects deprived of liberty were used as technical procedures. The theoretical basis of this research was built from a dialogue between queer theories, critical criminology and feminist criminology, which contributes to the formation of a queer criminology, expanding the field of criminological studies, beyond the traditional perspective when considering sexuality and gender markers. Based on what was observed and the information and data collected during the research, we realized that, among the tensions and problems presented, issues related to the health of those in custody stand out, especially mental health, with an exacerbated rate of medicalization, attempts at self-extermination, self-injury and completed suicide; to the relationships established between inmates, including affective and sexual relationships, and between them and servers. Another sensitive point concerns the procedure for including inmates in the unit under analysis, since self-declaration is the only criterion for this. Furthermore, the lack or deficiency in the training of servers to work in a prison of reference for the LGBTQIA+ population, results in the difficulty in handling issues related, especially, to the identity and gender of the inmates. Thus, the results obtained indicate that, despite being a strategy with the potential to guarantee rights, it is necessary to produce and implement specific public policies to prevent the perpetuation of violence by the State and of its agents, as well as to ensure rights for a population that historically, in addition to the process of victimization, suffers from the concentration of enormous social deficits.