As principais complicações da Toxina Botulínica tipo A no tratamento estético facial

Abstract

Botulinum toxin is well known for its use in the area of aesthetics, for its effect on the signs of facial aging and for being a non-surgical and minimally invasive procedure. It is a substance produced by a gram positive bacterium called Clostridium botulinum that paralyzes the movement of the muscles in the place where it is applied. This study aimed to present the main complications caused by botulinum toxin in facial procedures. The bibliographic review was carried out in Google Scholar, Pubmed and Scielo databases. The searches were carried out between August 2022 and June 2023, using the following keywords: “botulinum toxin type A” and “complications in facial aesthetic treatment”, in Portuguese and English. It was possible to observe that among the main complications, the following stand out: eyelid ptosis, local paresis, local heaviness, local ecchymosis, dry eye, diplopia, dry mouth, buccal rhyme deviation, local edema, eyebrow ptosis, local erythema and facial alteration. All protocols, standards, indications and dosages must be strictly adhered to, respecting all protocols and recommendations, in order to avoid complications. It is necessary to train professionals in the area of aesthetics to perform procedures using botulinum toxin safely and to minimize possible complications of the treatment.