A infertilidade e o tratamento de fertilização in vitro na reprodução humana assistida

Abstract

Infertility is considered a public health problem that affects the physical, emotional, and social well-being of individuals. In vitro fertilization (IVF) stands out as one of the main assisted human reproduction techniques, offering effective alternatives for addressing infertility and fulfilling the desire to conceive. This study aimed to understand in vitro fertilization treatment in assisted human reproduction; identify the difficulties faced by patients diagnosed with infertility; describe the experiences of patients undergoing IVF treatment; and understand the stages of in vitro fertilization treatment and how each of them influences success rates. This is an integrative literature review, conducted in the SCIELO, PUBMED, and LILACS databases, with publications between 2020 and 2025. The results demonstrated that the success of IVF is related to factors such as maternal age, gamete quality, and multidisciplinary support. The study also reveals that the treatment involves intense emotional repercussions, which can be marked by anxiety, frustration, and social stigma, requiring individualized support and care strategies. The role of nursing is highlighted, contributing to the physical and psychological well-being of patients, promoting adherence to treatment and building secure therapeutic bonds. It concludes that IVF represents a safe and effective strategy in the treatment of infertility, provided it is conducted with technical, ethical, and humanized monitoring.