Utilização do plasma rico em plaquetas (PRP) no tratamento de endometrite pós cobertura em éguas susceptiveis da Raça Mangalarga Marchador

Abstract

Persistent post-breeding endometritis is considered the third disease that most affects horses and the first cause of subfertility in mares, resulting in negative results in equine reproduction with a low rate of embryonic recovery. This study aims to discuss the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and its response to inflammation in mares susceptible to endometritis. Published work has demonstrated the importance of innovative treatments and immunomodulation of uterine inflammation in mares affected by the disease. Endometritis has infectious causes caused by microorganisms such as fungi and bacteria, and non-infectious causes generated by semen in the process of artificial insemination/natural breeding. The use of antimicrobials, anti-inflammatories, ecbolic agents and uterine lavages in the treatment of endometritis is discussed, as some mares no longer respond to conventional treatment. The use of PRP in intrauterine infusions has been gaining ground as a new treatment with the aim of helping the exacerbated uterine inflammatory response due to its antimicrobial, regenerative, anti-inflammatory, chemotactic, remodeling, angiogenic properties and help with repithelialization, generating positive results under the accumulation of intrauterine fluid, in uterine cytology and finally in the positive embryo recovery rate. By obtaining it autologously, there is a minimum risk of contamination or allergic reaction to the treated animal, in addition to being a cheap, fast and effective method. Based on existing studies, mares with persistent endometritis after breeding had a reduction in the accumulation of intrauterine fluid within 96 hours post-treatment, uterine cytology with a reduction in polymorphonuclear cells from 24 to 72 hours post-treatment and high embryonic recovery rates when compared to a group control. In this study, 15 mares classified as susceptible to endometritis were selected due to previous histories of negative reproductive results and ultrasound and cytological evaluations. The focus of the treatment was to use platelet-rich plasma twenty-four hours before artificial insemination and evaluate the results of the treatment twenty-four hours after insemination, with subsequent classification of the positive or negative result in terms of pregnancy or embryonic recovery, with 15 days and 8 days, respectively. To obtain PRP, the manual decantation method was used in 3.2% sodium citrate tubes, resulting in 10-20mL of PRP for intrauterine infusion. It is concluded that PRP helped in inflammatory control, modifying the uterine scenario and positive changes in cytology, intrauterine fluid and positive pregnancy and/or embryo recovery results.